Are there any examples anywhere of someone falling out of a Mack coaster?
I do apologise. I can see how a comment made in my previous post might have been misinterpreted by others. Perhaps this is a clearer way to express the point that I was trying to make.
Instead of typing
The first factor is obviously the restraint system. A manufacturer will have tested their restraint systems extensively and they will have a good idea of what the minimum height can be for riders that won't see them exiting the train before they arrive back at the station. Looking up to see 20+ kids raining from the sky, before ploughing into the concrete ground, won't play very well with people inside and outside the park.
My point might have been clearer had I typed
Nobody wants to see children or anybody else being hurt in an accident caused by a badly designed restraint system. Manufacturers are very cognisant of this fact so they test all their restraint systems extensively. This means they know exactly what the tolerances are for the seats and restraints in all of their trains in relation to minimum and maximum rider heights.
I was also talking about manufacturers in general and not Mack specifically.
And obviously I then went on to talk about how height alone isn't the only factor that can have an impact on rider safety. Body weight, chest and leg girth, missing limbs, overall development and a number of other things can have an impact on the suitability of a person to ride.
If we look at all the safety recommendations for riding Mandril Mayhem a lot of them are not height dependant. One of the requirements is a need to " have full upper body strength including head and neck control and be able to brace against forces ".
The world's only Jumanji rollercoaster and Chessington Theme Park's first inversion roller coaster. Ride the icon sites of Jumanji for a fantastic family day out.
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However, it is generally up to the riders to read through all of these safety requirements and make a sensible decision about whether they should or should not ride. Strangely enough, the vast majority of people have less concern for their own safety and suitability for riding an attraction than all of the qualified people that make these safety recommendations. In a lot of cases the biggest danger to the people who visit a theme park are the people themselves.
That puts parks in the unfortunate position where they have to protect people from themselves. The first casualties of this situation are usually the ride operators who frequently find themselves caught up in situations where they have to disappoint the visitors when they refuse ride access because a person doesn't satisfy one of the lesser known ride requirements, like being too tall, having a chest that is too large or being too heavy.
The conditionals that can be more problematic are the ones that aren't visually evident or the ones that place an unrealistic measurement responsibility on the ride operators. Measuring the height of a rider is pretty easy, but how do you measure core strength or previous medical history. The simple answer is you can't. It would be nice if the riders always told the operators the truth and respected the safety guidelines, but they don't always do that. In the case of core strength most people don't have any point of reference for judging their own ability to maintain a tight and controlled posture when exposed to positive, negative and lateral G Forces.
To counter the potential for some of these unknown factors to generate a negative experience for riders it might be an idea to err on the side of caution. So when a park opens a ride that obviously pushes the envelope in relation to key characteristics, like having a high top speed, strong G Forces, twisting elements or quick transitions across different planes of movement then making riders wait until they are 10 or 11 years old might not be a bad idea.
Another important factor, that I didn't address in my original post, is when passengers actively leave a coaster train during the ride. Hold on a minute, we have established that nobody is getting out of those restraints unless something highly unexpected happens. Agreed, but we have all seen trains being evacuated at a mid point in the ride for a variety of reasons. When the accident occurred on the Smiler the evacuation of the trains presented numerous problems, any one of which could have had escalated the situation further.
Evacuating a train doesn't even have to be linked to an accident to create problems with difficult solutions. If the Octonoaut coaster experiences a mechanical problem with its chain lift then it isn't a huge problem to evacuate everyone. However, if you have a train full of frightened eight year olds stuck at the top of an intimidating 236 foot lift hill then everything changes. Keeping those kids calm and getting them safely back to ground level can present a big challenge.
If a coaster train stalls out during the ride itself the potential problems increase massively.
Tristan Denorme (17) stapte al 154 keer eerder in The Ride to Happiness by Tomorrowland, de sensationale spinning coaster van Plopsaland De Panne....
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It would be unfair of me not to account for the obvious difference between Hyperia and the Ride to Happiness at Plopsaland.
Unlike Plopsaland, for some unknown reason Merlin made the daft design decision to waste millions of pounds building a gigantic 236 foot lift hill that will generate far more momentum than Hyperia's coaster train needs to cover what looks like 1000m of track in total.
Sorry what I meant to type was 1000m of track minus the total length of track in the gigantic 236 foot lift hill lift hill and the length of track in what could be Europe's longest and most expensive break run. Stopping a coaster train that ends its ride with what could be close to 50mph of excess momentum isn't cheap, especially when you have to do it every ride. Then again, carrying a heavy train up a lift hill that is 100 foot higher than it probably should have been isn't cheap either.
I wonder if John Burton will be covering the excess operating costs personally ?
So one thing that Hyperia definitely won't lack is excess momentum, which could cause stalls, unless multiple sections of the track are fitted with trim breaks.
Caveat: The excess momentum was probably generated as a by product of designing a coaster that had to meet the need for a " killer " UK's tallest and fastest marketing tag line. In terms of building a coaster that places the requirement for " marketing a poorly designed ride " ahead of " making a well designed ride " everything makes complete sense. As you where, sorry for all of the confusion. Don't mind me I'm just going to the shops to buy some trousers that are twice as long as my legs so I can trip myself up every day.
However, in the case that mid ride train evacuations on Hyperia are a possibility ...
How will the eight year old kids with their bobble heads and their undeveloped bodies cope with the stress of being stuck mid ride for 2 hours. What will happen if they get stuck on the outer bank and they are held at 90 degrees for that time period.
How will the park evacuate the eight year old kids from the trains if they have to. Will their lack of upper body strength inhibit any rescue attempts.
If they are put in a position in which they have to " face their fearlessness " by leaving a safe Coaster train to reach the arms of the rescue personal be a cool new ride experience or an insurmountable demand that will traumatise them.
People don't put safety requirements in place just to cover the things that they can predict, they put them in place to give reasonable cover for the things they can't predict. That requires erring on the side of caution.
In terms of whether it is safe for young bodies to be exposed to those kinds of g-forces; what I’d say is that height restrictions lower than 1.4m on extreme coasters are not a particularly new phenomenon at this point. Roller coasters are growing more accessible to younger guests as technology progresses, and in Europe and the USA, we’ve been having thrill coasters with lower height restrictions for probably 10-15 years now. There are many, many incredibly thrilling coasters with height restrictions lower than 1.4m; as an example, you have many RMCs at 48”/1.2m, you have Intamin Blitz Coasters like Taron and VelociCoaster at 51”/1.3m, you have pretty much every thrill coaster Mack has ever created at 51”/1.3m or lower, and you have many other examples beyond that. 1.4m is growing rarer as a height restriction for modern thrill coasters; it’s only really B&M who sticks to this nowadays.
Following this line of reasoning can easily lead up to a scenario in which people are blindly following others without a thought or a care. The fact that a lot of people are thinking or doing the same thing doesn't provide automatic and unquestionable validation. Everyone is eating marmite on toast, so it must be okay, everyone is jumping off a cliff, so it must be ok. Marmite tastes horrible and jumping off a cliff is generally a very bad idea. A consensus of opinion can be associated with verisimilitude ( being nearer to the truth ), but it can also equate to the logical fallacy of the lemmings.
There are times when taking a stand, and not doing what everyone else is doing, is actually the best way forward.
The coaster wars that spanned a decade between 1990 and 2000 resulted in parks scrambling to build record breaking coasters. During that time coaster construction was focussed on building the tallest, longest and fastest coasters in the world. If a park wasn't spending a fortune trying to break records they weren't in the game.
In a lot of ways Hyperia harks back to that time and all the marketing directives that fuelled it. In my opinion Hyperia is a coaster that is hopelessly out of date and at odds with all of the current trends in customer expectations. It might have been built with modern progressive technology, but it is clearly a product of obsolete ideas and backward thinking design. It also exhibits a naive, bigger is better, philosophy and a child like view that the more ridiculous something is the cooler it is.
The design of Hyperia reminds me of all those crazy off the wall designs that people playing Roller Coaster Tycoon sometimes make. The ones that everybody laughs at and nobody takes seriously. I never thought I'd actually see a coaster like that being built in the real world.
Leaving out all of the enthusiasts, I genuinely doubt whether anybody really gives a toss that Hyperia is 26 feet higher than the 30 year old Big One at Blackpool Pleasure Beach or 1-2 miles an hour faster than Stealth which is a brief walk away. I'm saying all of the enthusiasts, but that is probably a touch disingenuous, because I can easily imagine that many enthusiasts, myself included, don't really care about breaking UK records.
Personally, I'm a bigger fan of lavishly themed coasters that offer thrilling rides and appeal to a wide demographic without exposing riders to questionable risks. A three ring looping circus that looks like it was designed by a cadre of clowns doesn't really impress or excite me. I'm living in the present and looking out towards the future, I don't want to live in a patched and re-pumped bubble that popped over two decades ago. Hyperia is the retro equivalent of some 90's platform sandals.
Talking about themed thrill coasters brings me nicely back to the objection that I'm addressing. The coaster wars sought to increase visitor numbers at parks by showcasing record breaking rides and coasters. That was the intention behind them. Times have changed and parks have responded to changing customer tastes by focussing on thrill rides with immersive themes as a way to swell their visitor numbers.
Another way to increase visitor numbers is to lower ride heights. The more rides you have available to visitors the more attractive your park is. It is a way for the parks to give customers more without paying much in the way of additional costs. If I'm 1.2m in height and I can go on 6 rides I will have a more enjoyable visit if changes are made to requirements that will enable me to go on 9 rides.
Technological innovations have resulted in safer and smoother rides. Improvements in other areas like restraints and seats have led to rides that are far more accommodating to younger riders. This has resulted in rides with lower minimum height requirements in relation to their holding capacity, keeping riders safely contained in their seats until the end of the ride ends.
If we take into account the commercial gains that can be made by increasing overall visitor numbers then it is easy to see how a park might be tempted go with the minimum height requirement set by a ride manufacturer instead of using their discretion to set an increased height limit on a ride. They might even ask for design changes or layout changes that will permit lower ride heights than we are accustomed to seeing for similar rides.
Now, I need to be careful here. I'm definitely not saying it is wrong to make rides that are safe and secure for riders of lower heights in respect to their holding characteristics. My point is that with a noticeable reduction in rider heights across the board, and especially when it comes to coasters, the one thing that hasn't improved or changed is the people riding them. The technology might have progressed but children's heads haven't. They are still disproportionately large for their bodies and their necks still lack the stability of older riders. The rides have progressed to deliver more intense experiences but the people on those rides haven't progressed in terms of handling those experiences.
So while these new technological developments can improve safety for riders in some respects they can also make rides more dangerous in other areas. To protect riders from any potentially negative health repercussions that should mean placing more attention on things other than rider height.
This is happening in some cases. A noteworthy example was steel vengeance. The G-Force data for which is given below.
Image Steel-Vengeance-01 hosted in ImgBB
ibb.co
The rider height for this coaster was expected to be 1.2m. However, after some initial testing rounds the rider height was raised to 1.3m.
Sorry kiddos. You might have to wait another year or find some really, really tall shoes to ride Cedar Point’s new Steel Vengeance roller coaster. The Sandusky park announced Saturday that the mini…
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For me this is still too low and I made a point of highlighting the floppy rag doll effect RMC coasters have on younger rides in my earlier post. One look at the G-Force patterns of Steel Vengeance show the sequence of rapid changes which, combined with copious amounts of ejector air time, result in an amazing ride experience. It also shows how important core strength is to riding it safely and why younger riders rag doll so much when they are on it.
Never the less, moves that taking into account more than holding safety represent a step in the right direction in my opinion and other parks have done similar things, including the Merlin parks.
Looking at Hyperia, which I'm guessing will deliver peak G-Force figures of just below or just above 4 G's, I'm not comfortable with a rider height of 1.3m. Add in the twisting whiplash drop, the overbank lateral neck breaker and the potential high speeds and I'm even more concerned.
I think it might be a nice idea if the parks thought about using rider safety as a selling point to drive increased visitor throughput. People frequently complain when they are denied the opportunity to do something, like ride a coaster. Especially when they aren't given a good reason to back up the demand or the reason behind the demand isn't explained to them in any way. If people knew more about rides and coasters, why they close in response to the weather, what G-Forces are, how a lift hill works and so on they might be far more forgiving when safety measures are enforced or rides go down.
What I would really like to see at The Towers ( more than another crappy dark ride or arcade ) is a roller coaster museum. An interactive edutainment venue where people could go, rain or shine, to learn about amusement park rides. Gaining knowledge that is generally only possessed by the park operators or enthusiasts could act as a turbo charger for visitor engagement with the park. It would open up a whole new way of looking at the rides and attractions and interacting with them.
I love the sound of a chain dog clicking its way up a lift hill in the morning, music to my ears, but I can only appreciate it because I know that it's there and what it is doing. RMC anti-roll back clicks are the best of all. LSM launches are less musical, with some of them sounding like farts in a milk bottle.
These restraints are tested rigorously, and incidents of any kind are vanishingly, vanishingly rare. Deaths on roller coasters are even rarer, and deaths from restraints opening are even rarer than that. These thrill coasters with lower height restrictions have been around for many, many years now. If there were serious problems with children smaller than 1.4m being allowed on these coasters, I think we would have heard about it by now and we would have seen changes to ride safety restrictions accordingly. Seeing as we haven’t seen this, I have every faith that it’s 100% safe.
This line of argument can be called into question because " an absence of evidence is not evidence of absence ". In common terminology it is sometimes called an argument from ignorance. That isn't meant as an insult to the poster, it is simply the term that this form of argument is known by.
We can take the statement " all swans are white " and claim it to be wholly true, simply because we have never seen a black swan. However, that doesn't mean that it is true. It only takes the sighting of a single black swan to refute the truth of that statement. What we can say is that all of the evidence we currently have in our possession points to the most likely possibility that all swans are white.
The first problem with claiming that everything is okay, because we haven't heard lot of reports that suggest otherwise, is that people don't always report their adverse findings or experiences. A good example of this is the experience some riders have on Mandril Mayhem, or any Vekoma Boomerang ( adult or junior ). I was watching a recent Themepark Worldwide vlog the other day and Charlotte complained about Mandril Mayhem leaving her feeling nauseous. Sean talked about other people feeling the same and not knowing why that was the case.
The answer is in the ear canal. When we stand on a boat the deck is fixed and unmoving. However, the boat can be rocking violently from side to side in a stormy sea. This confuses the brain, because we can see the stationary deck and we know that we are standing on a flat and level surface, but at the same time we are also aware that everything is rocking. The liquid contained in our ear canals is moving in time with the rise and fall of the sea, but our eyes see a stationary deck that is not moving and the discrepancy can confuse our brains leading to a feeling of motion sickness and in some cases a bad headache. It is why some people get seasick.
Boomerang coasters, or shuttle coasters like Mandril Mayhem, can expose riders to a similar state of confusion which can lead to riders feeling nauseous. The riders are going forwards, the train they are sitting in looks stationary and unmoving, and then the riders find themselves going backwards. This sequence of events represents a huge disruption to a riders equilibrium. Especially when it is mixed with intense lateral movements or inversions. The movement experienced on a pirate ship ride is a little different, because the riders have fixed points of reference all around them. They are not on a coaster train that is moving over ground at high speed through a changing vista.
The layout of Mandril Mayhem makes this peculiar state of affairs even worse. Holding the riders at 90 degrees for a time adds a further disruption to the endolymph fluid in their ear canals. Following that with immediate exposure to the helix, which is arguably the most forceful part of the Mandril Mayhem layout, is particularly unsettling for riders. And shortly afterwards they have to experience the slow moving inline twist. This combination makes Mandril Mayhem even more nausea inducing than the other boomerang coasters out there. Granted, different people will have different degrees of tolerance for the uncommon effect, just like people are more or less prone to sea sickness, but a marathon session on any boomerang coaster ( even a Vekoma Junior Boomerang ) is guaranteed to give anyone a booming headache and an overwhelming feeling of nausea.
This article explains a bit more about the ear canals.
From: https://medium.com/@adityascapaa/can-your-ears-help-you-manage-nausea-a9b73c5dae6e
The reason that I brought this up is that many people experience unusual fluctuations in their health when they ride roller coasters and in a lot of cases they simply brush them off without concern. Oh it is just a headache it will pass, I felt sick for a short time but I feel better now and so on. So nothing is ever registered or recorded. The same can be true for a sore neck, palpitations or any other state of change in the health of a person. However, shaking off what seems to be minor health concerns can sometimes mask serious problems, which leads me another point of discussion.
Another form of rebuttal against this argument is the " deaf monkey " defence. Sometimes people don't hear something because they don't want to hear something. Or in the case of not wanting any other people to hear something they play down concerns or act to sweep them under the carpet.
An example of this is " The Concussion Crisis " in sports. Looking at the sport of American Football the first indications of concussion being linked to negative health states were discussed well over a century ago. However, the initial findings were actively dismissed in response to bravado, machismo and inaccurate measures of personal risk. More importantly, the disturbing findings weren't deemed to be in the commercial interests of the governing bodies who had the power and funding to pursue further investigations that might have initiated change.
In the early 21st century, sports concussion has become a prominent public health problem, popularly labeled “The Concussion Crisis.” Football-related concussion contributes much of the epidemiological burden and inspires much of the public ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Fast forward a century and a host of new studies highlighted how dangerous concussions can be for athletes and people in general. This research led to the introduction of wide ranging safety updates and a new way of thinking about concussion. The problem was known about over a hundred years ago, it was documented in early research, but it took an exaggerated amount of time for something to be done about it.
This is why I included the following article in my initial post. It clearly shows that factors other than height suitability can negatively affect a rider health. Manufacturers know this and they take it into account, the parks know this and sometimes they take it into account, but for me the big take home is that more studies need to be done. Evidential data that is for or against the idea of re-evaluating restrictions on riders, that takes into account factors other than height, is currently in short supply and it shouldn't be. In respect to this data deficiency I think parks should think about adopting the position of being overly cautious.
Non-Fatal Injuries Associated with Riding Roller Coaster, Cuan-Baltazar Yu Nam, ÃÂÂvila-Sánchez Pablo and Soto-Vega Elena
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Oh my god, Parabolic Curve wants to restrict all riders under the age of 18 to low intensity coasters like whacky worms. Go away. We want our kids to be able to experience more rides not less rides.
Rest Assured, I'm definitely not advocating for any like that. However, I would like to see a greater degree of caution exhibited by parks in relation to the adverse health effects that can be associated with riding the more extreme coasters. Something like a 1.4m height restriction for any coaster that subjects the riders to more than 4G's, or excessive speeds of over 60mph, or elements that could be associated with a greater risk of whiplash or place high demands on their core stability.
At least until the manufacturers, parks and the amusement industry has more comprehensive data to guide their decision making.
Appeared in the many Thorpe Hyperia hotel room vlogs and credit to the poster below
From: https://x.com/JAXXNCREATED/status/1773662053992931587?s=20
So the wise young Goddess decided to craft herself wings of steel, which we all know is an excellent material for airborne activities. You only have to visit an aerodrome to see all those steel parachutes and hang gliders dotted about the place. True, you can see rare instances of planes made from steel, but for some reason the dumb mortals that populate the land tend to build all of their flying machines and contraptions from lighter materials that are suited to the task of staying aloft.
There was nothing wrong with the wax feather wings that Daedalus crafted for himself and his son Icarus. They worked perfectly well. Daedalus made it safely to his chosen destination without any problems. Icarus died because of hubris, not the materials used to construct his wings.
Putting the material choice to one side, the current lore does beg the obvious question.
WHY DIDN'T SHE JUST BUILD A BOAT ?
You know, one of those floating things that are really good at travelling across stretches of water.
Or, like legions of children before her, simply ask mum or dad ( the river god in this case ) to taxi her to the destination of her choosing.
" I will pick you up at 10 sharp, don't let any of those sons of Bacchus get you drunk on cheap wine, that toga looks far too short for my liking and don't put any of that hemlock salad on your Kebab. "
" Stop fussing, I'm old enough to look after myself, stop treating me like a child, humph. "
" It's either put up with me showing I care or back into the forge to hammer on that daft pair of steel wings you were fiddling with earlier. "
" Fine, just don't bring that harpist to play music on the trip. Harp music is so yesterday ."
Okay, flippancy aside, I get it. A theme is needed to explain a soaring steel coaster train that reflects the name Hyperia. Probably because the need for an immersive theme that could operate in tandem with a captivating visual aesthetic wasn't high up on the initial design list for this coaster.
The question is what does this new/old theme have to do with what the riders are experiencing on this roller coaster. One that departs from a black tin shed instead of a well themed island home. The black tin shed that all of the riders walked to without any difficulty at all, no flying was needed, not even a single arm flap. How is that thematic disconnect going to be explained away ?
I'm genuinely wondering who is responsible for writing this thematic garbage. Merlin need to head hunt a story teller, because the Mediocrity Makers obviously don't have anyone who is up to the job at the moment. Queue a creepy crypt has just been discovered, queue the creepy dolls house trope, queue boss battle with a angry enemy, queue Jurassic Nemesis, queue endless repetition and a lot of borrowed ideas.
Immersion is about more than smell pods, strobe lights, smoke machines, UV and old tech gimmicks that are designed to distract. It is about compelling narratives that feature interesting characters, flowing together to create an experience that will resonate with people on an emotional level. That is how you create lasting memories, easily forgotten gags and effects, the sort of things you find in run of the mill scare mazes or DIY home haunts, don't generate moments of magic.
The quality of the current MMM storytelling is very low, it is all fairy lights and f*ck ups. Well done me for generating an instance of double FF onomatopoeia, the Merlin Marketeers would be proud.
I will take my leave now, I'm off to FEARLESSLY FONDLE the FERRET in the PHALLANX FORECOURT.
The Phallanx tank is actually a ferret armoured car in case anybody didn't know. No real ferrets were fondled during the typing of this post.